How To Format 2tb External Hard Drive

This article discusses the manner in which Windows supports hard disks that have a storage capacity of more than 2 TB and explains how to initialize and partition disks to maximize space usage.

2TB drives require NTFS-GPT to fully format the HDD so you are screwed when using a FAT32 system with the new large drives. How to reset my usb flash drive. There are extended FAT32 formats but the OS has to support the larger format or be patched to handle it. Right click the 2TB hard drive and select 'Format Partition'. Choose 'FAT32' in the File System drop-down menu. You can also change cluster size, and partition label on this window. The external drive should be automatically detected and will prompt you to format the drive or keep it as a device used to store only photos, video and music. You will need to format the drive if. Right-click on the external hard drive and click Format. Choose a format under File System. By default, Windows computers will choose NTFS (New Technology File System) for you because that's the native Microsoft filing system. But if you want the external hard drive to also work on a Mac, you should choose exFAT.

Original product version: Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2
Original KB number: 2581408

Summary

This wikiHow teaches you how to change an external (USB) hard drive's format on Windows and Mac computers. Formatting a hard drive can change the file system to make it compatible with your computer's operating system, as well as fix any non-physical errors on the drive itself.

In order for an operating system to fully support storage devices that have capacities that exceed 2 terabytes (2 TB, or 2 trillion bytes), the device must be initialized by using the GUID partition table (GPT) partitioning scheme. This scheme supports addressing of the full range of storage capacity. If the user intends to start the computer from one of these large disks, the system's base firmware interface must use the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) and not BIOS.

This article outlines Microsoft support across all Windows versions since Windows XP. It also describes the requirements to address the full storage capability of these devices.

Note

• This article refers to disk capacity in powers of two instead of powers of 10, which is the more common designation on storage device capacity labels. Therefore, references to 2 TB actually refer to a product that is labeled as having 2.2 TB of capacity.
• The operating system-specific behavior that is noted in this article also applies to the server variants of that system. Therefore, a reference to Windows 7 includes Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Vista includes Windows Server 2008, and Windows XP includes Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2003 R2.

More information

The management of modern storage devices is addressed by using a scheme called Logical Block Addressing (LBA). This is the arrangement of the logical sectors that constitute the media. LBA0 represents the first logical sector of the device, and the last LBA designation represents the last logical sector of the device, one label per sector. To determine the capacity of the storage device, you multiply the number of logical sectors within the device by the size of each logical sector. The current size standard is 512 bytes. For example, to achieve a device that has a capacity of 2 TB, you must have 3,906,250,000 512-byte sectors. However, a computer system requires 32 bits (1 s and 0 s) of information to represent this large number. Therefore, any storage capacity that is greater than what can be represented by using 32 bits would require an additional bit. That is, 33 bits.

The problem in this computation is that the partitioning scheme that is used by most modern Windows-based computers is MBR (master boot record). This scheme sets a limit of 32 for the number of bits that are available to represent the number of logical sectors.

The 2-TB barrier is the result of this 32-bit limitation. Because the maximum number that can be represented by using 32 bits is 4,294,967,295, this translates to 2.199 TB of capacity by using 512-byte sectors (approximately 2.2 TB). Therefore, a capacity beyond 2.2 TB is not addressable by using the MBR partitioning scheme.

To make more bits available for addressing, the storage device must be initialized by using GPT. This partitioning scheme lets up to 64 bits of information be used within logical sectors. This translates to a theoretical limitation of 9.4 ZB (9.4 zettabytes, or 9.4 billion terabytes). However, the issue that affects GPT is that most currently available systems are based on the aging BIOS platform. BIOS supports only MBR-initialized disks to start the computer. To restart from a device that is initialized by using GPT, your system must be UEFI-capable. By default, many current systems can support UEFI. Microsoft expects that most future systems will have this support. Customers should consult with their system vendor to determine the ability of their systems to support UEFI and disks that have storage capacities that are greater than 2 TB.

Overall requirements for a non-bootable data volume

For a system to be able to address the maximum capacity of a device that has a storage capacity of more than 2 TB, the following prerequisites apply:

• The disk must be initialized by using GPT.

• The Windows version must be one of the following (32-bit or 64-bit, unless otherwise noted, but including all SKU editions):

  • Windows Server 2008 R2 (only 64-bit version available)
  • Windows Server 2008
  • Windows 7
  • Windows Vista

• The latest storage drivers from your storage controller manufacturer must be installed. For example, if your system uses an Intel storage controller that is set to 'RAID' mode, make sure that you have the latest applicable drivers from the Intel support site.

• Overall, you should contact your system vendor to determine whether the system supports device sizes of more than 2 TB.

Overall requirements for a bootable system volume

Assume that you want to meet the following conditions:

• Have a storage device on which you can install Windows.
• Make the storage device bootable.
• Enable the operating system to address a maximum storage capacity for that device of greater than 2 TB.

To meet these conditions, the following prerequisites apply:

• The disk must be initialized by using GPT.

• The system firmware must use UEFI.

• The Windows version must be one of the following (64-bit only, but including all SKU editions):

  • Windows Server 2008 R2
  • Windows Server 2008
  • Windows 7
  • Windows Vista

• The latest storage drivers from your storage controller manufacturer must be installed. For example, if your system uses an Intel storage controller set to RAID mode, make sure that you have the latest applicable drivers from the Intel support site.

Note

Windows does not support starting GPT-initialized volumes by using UEFI systems on 32-bit versions of Windows. Also, legacy BIOS systems do not support starting GPT-partitioned volumes. Consult your system vendor to determine whether the system supports both UEFI and the startup of devices that have storage capacities of greater than 2 TB.

Support matrix

The following tables list Microsoft support for the various concepts that are discussed in this article. This information provides an overall support statement about disks that have a storage capacity of greater than 2 TB.

Table 1: Windows support for partitioning schemes as data volumes

Hybrid-MBR is an alternative style of partitioning that is not supported by any version of Windows.

Table 2: Windows support for system firmware

Table 3: Windows support for combinations of boot firmware and partitioning schemes for the boot volume

Table 4: Windows support for large-capacity disks as non-booting data volumes

Capacity beyond 2 TB cannot be addressed by Windows if the disk is initialized by using the MBR partitioning scheme. For example, for a 3 TB single disk that is initialized by using MBR, Windows can create partitions up to the first 2 TB. However, the remaining capacity cannot be addressed and, therefore, cannot be used.

Initialize a data disk by using GPT

External 2tb Portable Hard Drive

The following steps show how to initialize a fresh disk by using the GPT partitioning scheme to help ensure that Windows can address the maximum available storage capacity. Make sure that you back up any important data before you try these steps.

1. Click Start, type diskmgmt.msc in the Start search box, right-click diskmgmt.msc, and then click Run as Administrator. If it's necessary, enter the credentials for a user account that has Administrator privileges.

   Note

   When a non-initialized disk is detected by Windows, the following window opens to prompt you to initialize the disk.

2. In the Initialize Disk dialog box, click GPT (GUID Partition Table), and then press OK.

   Note

   If you select this option, this hard disk will not be recognized by Windows versions earlier than and including Windows XP.

3. Check the Disk Management window to verify that the disk is initialized. If it is, the status row for that disk at the bottom of the window should indicate that the disk is Online.

4. After the disk is initialized, you must create a partition, and then format that partition by using a file system. This is to be able to store data in that partition, and assign a name and a drive letter to that partition. To do this, right-click the unallocated space on the right side of the status row for that disk, and then click New Simple Volume. Follow the steps in the partition wizard to complete this process.

Convert an MBR disk to GPT

If you have previously initialized the disk by using the MBR partitioning scheme, follow these steps to initialize the disk by using the GPT scheme. Make sure that you back up any important data before you try these steps.

1. Click Start, type diskmgmt.msc in the Start search box, right-click diskmgmt.msc, and then click Run as Administrator. If it is necessary, enter the credentials for a user account that has Administrator privileges.

2. In the Disk Management window, examine the disk status rows at the bottom. In the following example, the user has a 3 TB disk that was previously initialized by using the MBR partitioning scheme. That device is labeled here as Disk 1.

3. Disk 1 contains two separate unallocated sections. This separation indicates that the first 2 TB of the disk space can be used. However, the remaining space is non-addressable because of the 32-bit addressing space limitation of the MBR partitioning scheme. To enable the system to fully address the total capacity of the storage device, you must convert the disk to use the GPT partitioning scheme.

4. Right-click the label on the left for the disk that you want to convert, and then click Convert to GPT Disk.

   Note

   The display should now show that the full amount of available space in unallocated.

5. Now that the disk is initialized to access the full storage capacity, you must create a partition, and then format that partition by using a file system. This is to be able to store data in that partition, and assign a name and a drive letter to that partition. To do this, right-click the unallocated space on the right side of the status row for that disk, and then click New Simple Volume. Follow the steps in the partition wizard to complete this process.

Known issues or limitations

Because the transition to a single-disk capacity of greater than 2 TB has occurred fairly recently, Microsoft has investigated how Windows supports these large disks. The results reveal several issues that apply to all versions of Windows earlier than and including Windows 7 with Service Pack 1 and Windows Server 2008 R2 with Service Pack 1.

To this point, the following incorrect behavior is known to occur when Windows handles single-disk storage capacity of greater than 2 TB:

• The numeric capacity beyond 2 TB overflows. This results in the system being able to address only the capacity beyond 2 TB. For example, on a 3 TB disk, the available capacity may be only 1 TB.

• The numeric capacity beyond 2 TB is truncated. This results in no more than 2 TB of addressable space. For example, on a 3 TB disk, the available capacity may be only 2 TB.

• The storage device is not detected correctly. In this case, it is not displayed in either the Device Manager or Disk Management windows. Many storage controller manufacturers offer updated drivers that provide support for storage capacities of more than 2 TB. Contact your storage controller manufacturer or OEM to determine what downloadable support is available for single-disk capacities that are greater than 2 TB.

SCSI sense data

When a disk encounters errors that are related to unreadable or unwritable sectors, it reports those errors and the relevant SCSI sense data to the operating system. SCSI sense data may contain information about LBA for sectors that were found to be unreadable or unwritable.

For LBA address space that is greater than 2 TB, the disk requires SCSI sense data in Descriptor format. This format is not supported by Windows 7 or Windows Server 2008 R2, which retrieves SCSI sense data in Fixed format. Therefore, the retrieved SCSI sense data either does not contain information about bad sectors or it contains incorrect information about bad sectors. Administrators should note this limitation when they look for bad sector LBA information that is recorded in the Windows event log.

• Format Hard Drive to FAT32 without any Limitation
• Supports up to 2TB for Computer Internal Hard Disk, Windows External Hard Drive with a XBOX360 and Sony external Hard Drive with a PS3
• Works on Windows XP/Vista/7/8/8.1/10 and Latest Windows 10 Both 32 & 64 bit

The Problem

– Windows Cannot Format Drive to FAT32 that is Larger than 32GB/1TB

'I have a 250GB Samsung external hard drive. I want to format the whole thing into FAT32, but I have no clue. One member here told me that it can be done at the Windows Disk Management, but I cannot do that and I was told that the format cannot be reached when the hard disk drive is larger than 32GB. I know it may sound silly to most of you guys, but uh...so how do I do it?'

The Truth - 32GB Size Limit Exists on FAT32 Formatting

It is not silly indeed, let's face it; Windows cannot format drives and partitions larger than 32GB in FAT32. Certainly, you can use the DOS command prompt to format drives and partitions beyond 1TB. But if you have a drive that is 1TB or larger, you may still not use the DOS command prompt to format and get an error saying 'The volume is too big for FAT32'.

Some of the hard drive manufacturers have created their own tools for converting a drive which is larger than 32 GB to FAT32, such as Seagate DiscWizard and Western Digital (WD) FAT32 Formatting Tool. If you are using such brand hard drive, you can use their tools to accomplish the task. But if you are not using such brand hard drive, in that case, you might turn some 3rd party programs for help which will allow you to format an external hard drive with the larger size. It is worth using the FAT32 Formatter in Macrorit Free Partition Software and other advanced editions.

The Free Specific Utility - Format FAT32 Drives beyond 32GB Limit

Macrorit Partition Expert is an optimal solution that you can use to get the job done. You can use it to format many types of external drives such as USB, Firewire, PCMIA, SATA, and SCSI. Formatting large hard drive in FAT32 is no longer a problem by using the features of 'Format Volume' and 'Convert to FAT32 Partition' in Macrorit Partition Expert, the former format feature could assist you to reach the format the large drive in FAT32 without size limit (This feature will erase all data that stored in the target drive, so the target drive should be empty); the later convert feature is more advanced, if your drive contains important data, it is capable of helping you to convert to FAT32 partition without data losing (This feature is widely used for Sony external Hard Disk Drive to FAT32 file system prior to use it with your PS3 or other devices which contains large game files or videos). Let's see the details.

2tb External Hard Drive Cheap

Free FAT32 Formatting Utility – For Empty Large Drive

Step 1: After launching the program, right-click the NTFS partition in the main disk partition map interface to get the drop-down menu, select 'Format Volume' to start.

Step 2: In the new window, choose FAT32 in the drop-down in file system area, then set the related info as your wish, click 'OK' to confirm the task and add it to pending task list. (If you are not similar with Cluster Size, please do not change the cluster size.)

Step 3: Back to the main window, last but not the least, you need to commit the change(s) (Shows in Pending Operations area) to effect by clicking 'Commit' button. It will only take several seconds to finish.

Free FAT32 Converter – Convert to FAT32 and Keep Your Data Intact

Convert large drive in FAT32 without data losing can be realized with the feature of 'Convert to FAT32'. If you are trying to use FAT32 for your Windows internal hard disk, or if you have a plan to use your Sony external Hard Disk Drive with a PS3 or any other device that only supports the FAT32 file system, this feature could help you to reach the safely conversion and keeps all data intact. More detail steps, read Easy Approach to Converting NTFS to FAT32 Partition.

All-in-one Solution for Companies and Technical Providers

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How To Format Wd 2tb External Hard Drive